Beijing University is the most popular to make the

Peking University: let the creation chain of scientific instruments live

in five years, the university received 120million yuan of special funds related to the research and development of national and Beijing instruments and equipment; Professor Huang Yanyi's "digital PCR based on fluorescence generation" device has attracted a 10-year cumulative contract of 100million yuan from Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd; Professor Zeng Limin's "aerosol organic pollutant detection system" has attracted 2million yuan of instrument industrialization funds from spotlight Technology Co., Ltd.. So many good news about the creation of scientific instruments appear intensively, which is not easy even for a famous university such as Peking University. The creation and R & D of high-end scientific instruments belong to the high-end industry of advanced manufacturing industry because of their high relevance to relevant technical fields and great processing difficulties. To some extent, the creation ability of high-end scientific instruments is one of the symbols that reflect the level of a country's advanced manufacturing industry. Developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan have always focused on "developing first-class scientific instruments to support first-class scientific research" as a national strategy for a long time. However, there is a high degree of dependence on imports in the field of high-end scientific instruments in China; Lack of originality; Lack of high-end talents. In recent years, the innovation of instruments and key technologies has gradually become the focus of scientific research in China. The outline of the national medium and long term science and technology development plan (2006-2020) clearly lists the creation of scientific instruments as a strategic area of priority development

since 2009, Peking University has begun to explore a series of new mechanisms to promote the creation of scientific research instruments and equipment, providing samples from institutional arrangements to practical exploration for the R & D and creation of high-end scientific instruments. In 2013, Peking University received special support from the Beijing Municipal Commission of science and technology for the "pilot project of R & D, innovation and service of scientific instruments in Colleges and universities", further accumulating experience for promoting the creation of scientific research instruments

set up a special organization to organize the creation of instruments

if workers want to do good things, they must first sharpen their tools. The role of instruments and equipment in scientific research is self-evident. In 2009, Peking University took the lead in setting up the "instrument creation and key technology R & D center" and the "instrument creation and key technology R & D fund" in Colleges and universities, aiming to integrate the scientific research strength of the University and strengthen the independent development of instruments. In the same year, Peking University and the Beijing Municipal Commission of science and technology jointly established the research and experiment service base of Peking University, which not only promoted the opening of scientific research resources to the market, but also made full use of the resources and influence of the capital's scientific and technological conditions platform to explore the creation and industrialization path of original scientific research instruments

the newly established "instrument creation and key technology research and development center" shoulders the important task of focusing on cultivating and supporting scientific instrument creation and research projects that have a certain early foundation, benefit a wide range of disciplines, have a key supporting role for scientific research or have good application and transformation prospects, including the development of new instruments, the innovative expansion and transformation of the functions of the original large-scale instruments, and the innovation and breakthrough of key processes and technologies. The center also set up an academic committee with the president in charge as the director, which is responsible for formulating the development plan of the center, grasping the development direction of the center, and entrusting the laboratory and equipment management department of the university to organize the review, acceptance, achievement appraisal and other work of instrument creation projects

Peking University has the strongest basic research strength and comprehensive disciplinary advantages in China. Especially under the cultivation and guidance of the "instrument R & D fund", it has effectively spawned a number of high-end instrument R & D achievements. In order to expand the existing channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, Peking University has chosen a professional operation organization - Beida Yanyuan, which has carried out a large number of scientific and technological service activities as its main business direction, paying attention to the gathering and sorting of scientific and technological resources. At present, the total value of instruments and equipment and scientific and technological facilities with a total value of more than 100000 yuan integrated and entered the service catalogue has reached 1.354 billion yuan, with 1531 sets

"seedling raising" fund makes the idea of instrument creation a reality

in 2009, Peking University set up the first instrument R & D Fund in domestic colleges and universities to cultivate the scientific research strength in related fields of the University, select excellent projects for early funding of Intelligent Systems (University of tibingan) and Informatics (salbruken) and Max Planck computing and data facilities (Jiaxing) and support. Up to now, the fund has allocated 8million yuan in total. Jiangxiangfeng, deputy director of the R & D and experimental service base of Peking University, said that the evaluation of the fund mainly has two indicators: first, give priority to supporting the innovative development of instruments that can fill the domestic gap and have significant verification value for new concepts and theories, and help them obtain greater attention and investment at the national and Beijing levels; The second is to focus on supporting the creation of instruments and technological innovation that can be quickly transformed into productive forces and realize industrialization, promote the development and application of scientific research achievements, and support national economic construction

this school project, which is regarded as the "seed" or "seedling" fund, provides about 250000 yuan of financial support in the initial stage of instrument development, so that its research can be equipped with the ability to obtain greater support. For example, the fourth phase of the project was supported by Professor Yan Xueqing of the school of Human Sciences, and the "Research on ultra small excimer accelerators and key technologies" was supported by the special support for the development of national major scientific instruments and equipment of the Ministry of science and technology, with an approved fund of 62.19 million yuan; The first and third phase of the "research and development of digital PCR instrument based on fluorescence generation" project funded by Professor Huang Yanyi of the artificial college was supported by the national science and technology plan of the Ministry of science and technology in the field of social development science and technology, and the approved fund was 19.48 million yuan

"a more important feature of the fund is to promote the cross integration of disciplines." Jiang Xiangfeng said that the research and development of scientific instruments is often not a job that a major can complete. Taking the instruments in the field of life sciences as an example, the needs are put forward by the College of life, but the creation of instruments may require the cooperation of electronics, information, physics, chemistry, precision instrument manufacturing, imaging and other majors. The emergence of funds makes this cooperation easier to achieve. "This year, the newly introduced applicants also score each other. I hope you can have more exchanges, know each other's strengths, promote interdisciplinary cooperation between colleges and departments, and serve the creation of new instruments."

according to incomplete statistics, since the establishment of the fund, 71 articles have been published in the funded projects, including 58 international journals and 11 domestic core journals. Among the four major searches, 62, 8 and 7 were included in SCI, EI and ISTP respectively. There are 27 domestic patents, 8 of which have been approved. Four foreign patents are pending. Develop 4 sets of software and database, and develop 6 sets of new instruments and methods. In terms of talent training, there are 20 postdoctors, 85 doctoral students, 46 master students, and 12 young and middle-aged academic leaders under the age of 40

professional operating institutions build a bridge between instruments and the market

on March 14, 2014, the R & D and experimental service base of Peking University organized relevant teachers of the school of engineering to carry out one-to-one docking with Anshan Iron and Steel Research Institute to implement the 11 enterprise needs of Anshan Iron and steel in the research and development of instrument analysis means and analytical instruments. The biggest advantage is that the two-way zero crossing tension and compression experiment of materials can be carried out by using the forced clamping ability of jaws. PKU R & D experiment service base often organizes service activities like this to connect teachers who study instruments with market demand

as the main body of the Socialized Operation of the school's scientific and technological resources, Beida Yanyuan micro structure analysis and Testing Center Co., Ltd. looks for the needs of social research and development experiments through specific business activities, and has a benign interaction with the advantageous scientific and technological resources of colleges and universities. While using the resources of Peking University to provide professional services for enterprises, it also finds market partners for University researchers

the separation of ownership and management rights of scientific and technological resources has allowed the instruments and equipment of colleges and universities to walk out of the high wall. Yan Aoshuang, director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of science and technology, once commented on this practice, saying, "the introduction of professional service institutions has broken through the institutional barriers to the opening of colleges and universities to the outside world. Opening scientific and technological resources to the market will help the resource side, scientific researchers, and demand side win-win."

in order to better bridge the development of instruments in Colleges and universities and market demand, the research and development test base of Peking University has made efforts to "sign hands" for both sides through various ways. They participated in various professional forums and conferences as planned, and promoted the promotion and implementation of mature scientific research achievements of the university through thematic report publicity. China scientific instrument development annual meeting, Beijing analysis and testing academic report and exhibition, domestic testing instrument and equipment verification and comprehensive evaluation technical service promotion meeting... In all high-end instrument and equipment meetings, Peking University Instrument researchers can be found to participate in groups, and they either make thematic reports or show their latest instrument development achievements. The R & D experimental base of the university is behind their participation in these meetings

in addition, the base also focuses on the "point-to-point contact" between enterprises and laboratories, that is, the point-to-point work of one enterprise and one laboratory. In order to let the laboratory and enterprises know each other, the base also often organizes enterprises to enter the laboratory. On May 20, they just organized enterprises to carry out exchange and docking activities at the Beijing nuclear magnetic center in Peking University to introduce in detail the R & D and experimental service capabilities of the Beijing nuclear magnetic center

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